IRC has been in use for decades and it still is, not just by niche communities but by the general public. I use IRC daily, and so do tens or hundreds of thousands of others. Many software projects are only on IRC. It's all but dead.
The biggest network currently is Libera.Chat, which is centered around free software, but there are also some others. Wikipedia has a list of major IRC networks if you want to look up some smaller ones (but beware, not all of them are good natured and since IRC is not anonymous, there may be problems).
It's anything but abandoned, I can chat with 700+ people right now in ##chat.
I don't quite know what you mean by 'Linux based CLI interface'. There are probably hundreds of IRC clients for every operating system ranging from full graphical goodness with dozens of menus and helper scripts to the simple TUI programs you're likely referring to.
IRC is pretty in-depth these days when it comes to features like NickServ, so the GUIs are likely worth it. TUIs like irssi take some learning.
I recommend visiting Libera.chat (as in the website) and familiarizing yourself with the how-to's; they teach you about IRC and its concepts and how to connect with Libera Chat itself.